{"id":2038,"date":"2023-01-13T22:00:22","date_gmt":"2023-01-13T22:00:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/evertekengineering.com\/?p=2038"},"modified":"2023-01-22T06:02:28","modified_gmt":"2023-01-22T06:02:28","slug":"port-of-vancouver","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/evertekconsultants.com\/punjabi\/port-of-vancouver\/","title":{"rendered":"Port of Vavcouver"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"2038\" class=\"elementor elementor-2038\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c5556c5 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c5556c5\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-347075c3\" data-id=\"347075c3\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7f072553 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"7f072553\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-05293e4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"05293e4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Port Vancouver<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2ab3402e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2ab3402e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-535ce7d8\" data-id=\"535ce7d8\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-326a6ca elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"326a6ca\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-944506b\" data-id=\"944506b\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-775de68 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"775de68\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>1. introduction<\/strong><\/p><p>located at Vancouver harbor near the coastline, this project needed\u00a0<\/p><p><strong>2. In-situ test<\/strong><\/p><p>based on the scope of work and level of precision needed, different in-situ tests are available to assess the subgrade soil. CPT, DCPT, SPT, PLT are some cases in point. due to significance of the project Evertek professional decided to proceed with CPT. thanks to the continuous profile it provides, CPT could increase the reliability of the analysis; especially in this project owing to presence of loose sandy fill material, there was risk of liquefaction and seismic analysis was of huge importance. Hence, SCPTu (seismic cone penetration test) was opted.\u00a0<\/p><table style=\"border: none;\" border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"><tbody><tr style=\"mso-yfti-irow: -1; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-lastfirstrow: yes; height: 25.6pt;\"><td style=\"width: 231.05pt; border: solid #404040 1.0pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themetint: 191; background: silver; mso-background-themecolor: text1; mso-background-themetint: 63; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 25.6pt;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"308\"><p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: normal; mso-yfti-cnfc: 5;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 13.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; color: black; mso-color-alt: windowtext; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;\">Advantages of CPT<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"width: 231.05pt; border: solid #404040 1.0pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themetint: 191; border-left: none; mso-border-left-alt: solid #404040 1.0pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-themetint: 191; background: silver; mso-background-themecolor: text1; mso-background-themetint: 63; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 25.6pt;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"308\"><p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: normal; mso-yfti-cnfc: 1;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 13.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; color: black; mso-color-alt: windowtext; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;\">Disadvantage of CPT<\/span><\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"width: 231.05pt; border: solid #404040 1.0pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themetint: 191; border-top: none; mso-border-top-alt: solid #404040 1.0pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-themetint: 191; background: gray; mso-background-themecolor: text1; mso-background-themetint: 127; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"308\"><p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: normal; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; color: black; mso-color-alt: windowtext; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;\">Fast and continuous profiling<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"width: 231.05pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid #404040 1.0pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-bottom-themetint: 191; border-right: solid #404040 1.0pt; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themetint: 191; mso-border-top-alt: solid #404040 1.0pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-themetint: 191; mso-border-left-alt: solid #404040 1.0pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-themetint: 191; background: gray; mso-background-themecolor: text1; mso-background-themetint: 127; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"308\"><p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: normal; mso-yfti-cnfc: 64;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; color: black; mso-color-alt: windowtext; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\">High capital investment<\/span><\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"width: 231.05pt; border: solid #404040 1.0pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themetint: 191; border-top: none; mso-border-top-alt: solid #404040 1.0pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-themetint: 191; background: silver; mso-background-themecolor: text1; mso-background-themetint: 63; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"308\"><p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: normal; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; color: black; mso-color-alt: windowtext; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;\">Economical and productive<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"width: 231.05pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid #404040 1.0pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-bottom-themetint: 191; border-right: solid #404040 1.0pt; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themetint: 191; mso-border-top-alt: solid #404040 1.0pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-themetint: 191; mso-border-left-alt: solid #404040 1.0pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-themetint: 191; background: silver; mso-background-themecolor: text1; mso-background-themetint: 63; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"308\"><p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: normal;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; color: black; mso-color-alt: windowtext; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\">Requires skilled operator to run<\/span><\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"width: 231.05pt; border: solid #404040 1.0pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themetint: 191; border-top: none; mso-border-top-alt: solid #404040 1.0pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-themetint: 191; background: gray; mso-background-themecolor: text1; mso-background-themetint: 127; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"308\"><p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: normal; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; color: black; mso-color-alt: windowtext; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;\">Results not operator-dependent<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"width: 231.05pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid #404040 1.0pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-bottom-themetint: 191; border-right: solid #404040 1.0pt; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themetint: 191; mso-border-top-alt: solid #404040 1.0pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-themetint: 191; mso-border-left-alt: solid #404040 1.0pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-themetint: 191; background: gray; mso-background-themecolor: text1; mso-background-themetint: 127; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"308\"><p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: normal; mso-yfti-cnfc: 64;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; color: black; mso-color-alt: windowtext; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\">Electronic drift, noise, and calibration<\/span><\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"width: 231.05pt; border: solid #404040 1.0pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themetint: 191; border-top: none; mso-border-top-alt: solid #404040 1.0pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-themetint: 191; background: silver; mso-background-themecolor: text1; mso-background-themetint: 63; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"308\"><p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: normal; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; color: black; mso-color-alt: windowtext; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;\">Strong theoretical basis in interpretation<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"width: 231.05pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid #404040 1.0pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-bottom-themetint: 191; border-right: solid #404040 1.0pt; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themetint: 191; mso-border-top-alt: solid #404040 1.0pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-themetint: 191; mso-border-left-alt: solid #404040 1.0pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-themetint: 191; background: silver; mso-background-themecolor: text1; mso-background-themetint: 63; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"308\"><p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: normal;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; color: black; mso-color-alt: windowtext; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\">No soil samples are obtained<\/span><\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"width: 231.05pt; border: solid #404040 1.0pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themetint: 191; border-top: none; mso-border-top-alt: solid #404040 1.0pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-themetint: 191; background: gray; mso-background-themecolor: text1; mso-background-themetint: 127; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"308\"><p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: normal; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; color: black; mso-color-alt: windowtext; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;\">Particularly suitable for soft soils<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"width: 231.05pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid #404040 1.0pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-bottom-themetint: 191; border-right: solid #404040 1.0pt; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themetint: 191; mso-border-top-alt: solid #404040 1.0pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-themetint: 191; mso-border-left-alt: solid #404040 1.0pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-themetint: 191; background: gray; mso-background-themecolor: text1; mso-background-themetint: 127; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"308\"><p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: normal; mso-yfti-cnfc: 64;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; color: black; mso-color-alt: windowtext; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\">Unsuitable for gravel or boulder deposits<\/span><\/p><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-4ad38f0\" data-id=\"4ad38f0\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0b52291 elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"0b52291\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;hosted&quot;,&quot;autoplay&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;play_on_mobile&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;mute&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;loop&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-hosted-video elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<video class=\"elementor-video\" src=\"https:\/\/evertekconsultants.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/20221209_114511.mp4\" autoplay=\"\" loop=\"\" muted=\"muted\" playsinline=\"\" controlsList=\"nodownload\"><\/video>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-8526e0a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"8526e0a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-615d193\" data-id=\"615d193\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-4d64a67 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4d64a67\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-c286709\" data-id=\"c286709\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f8845a elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"1f8845a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"740\" height=\"512\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/evertekconsultants.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/Picture1.png?fit=740%2C512&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-2047\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/evertekconsultants.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/Picture1.png?w=1379&amp;ssl=1 1379w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/evertekconsultants.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/Picture1.png?resize=300%2C208&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/evertekconsultants.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/Picture1.png?resize=1024%2C708&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/evertekconsultants.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/Picture1.png?resize=768%2C531&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/evertekconsultants.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/Picture1.png?resize=18%2C12&amp;ssl=1 18w\" sizes=\"100vw\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-966d5cc elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"966d5cc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6bb62cb elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"6bb62cb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"470\" height=\"426\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/evertekconsultants.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/Capture3.jpg?fit=470%2C426&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-2067\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/evertekconsultants.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/Capture3.jpg?w=470&amp;ssl=1 470w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/evertekconsultants.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/Capture3.jpg?resize=300%2C272&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/evertekconsultants.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/Capture3.jpg?resize=13%2C12&amp;ssl=1 13w\" sizes=\"100vw\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-dbb8d91\" data-id=\"dbb8d91\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0b05fb2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0b05fb2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><b>3.Results<\/b><\/p>\n<p><strong>3.1 Field Investigation<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-align: justify;\">by boring two boreholes using a track-mounted drill rig, Evertek engineers could specify different soil layers. the soil basically consisted of loose sandy fill material and the water table was 4 meters below the ground surface.&nbsp;<\/span><strong><br><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"text-align: justify;\">3.2 Modulus of Subgrade Reaction<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Subgrade reaction modulus is the ratio of soil pressure to deflection. This modulus is widely used in structural design of mats and slabs. The structural design is completed by structural engineer of record (SEOR) where he\/she utilizes the concept of Beam on Nonlinear Winkler Foundation in order to estimate the pressure of soil as well as shear forces and bending moments induced to the foundation element. Geotechncial engineer of record (GEOR) is responsible to provide appropriate subgrade reaction modulus to characterize the Winkler springs. Appropriate estimation of subgrade reaction modulus would result in appropriate estimation of soil pressure distribution under the mat\/slab which would consequently result in accurate structural design of mat\/slab.<\/p>\n<p>Unfortunately, there is a widespread misconception in the use of subgrade reaction modulus. Structural engineers often expect to see a single constant value for subgrade reaction modulus in soils report. However, subgrade reaction modulus is not a fundamental soil property. It is a function of (Walker and Holland, 2016):<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Geometry of loading surface area: loads with larger surface area influence deeper soil deposit that can be very soft or compressible.<\/li>\n<li>Load magnitude: soil behavior is highly nonlinear so soil would have lower subgrade modulus when subjected to larger loads.<\/li>\n<li>Soil stiffness and strength parameters as well as compressiblilty indices within the stress bulb.<\/li>\n<li>Type of loading (long term or short-term loads) for cases that foundation soil is compressible.<\/li>\n<li>Stiffness of the mat\/slab which affects distribution of the soil bearing pressure.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d517664 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d517664\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6a138b7\" data-id=\"6a138b7\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-2fbd752 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2fbd752\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-dbc7c13\" data-id=\"dbc7c13\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-333de98 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"333de98\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Geometry of loading surface&nbsp;and&nbsp;type of loading&nbsp;must be provided by structural engineers for appropriate estimation of subgrade reaction. By former parameter, the geotechnical engineer will know to what depth stress bulbs extend, and by latter parameter, the geotechnical engineer will know whether to include consolidation in the calculation of subgrade reaction modulus or not. For example, lift-truck wheel loads (short-term loading) will cause very little, if any, long-term consolidation settlement.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; font-size: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-size ); font-style: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-style ); font-weight: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-weight ); letter-spacing: var( --e-global-typography-text-letter-spacing ); text-transform: var( --e-global-typography-text-text-transform ); background-color: var( --e-global-color-c696dce );\">in this case as PLT test was not available Evertek professionals used the indirect method and by modeling the foundation and calculating settlement under unit load, Ks was calculated and reported.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>3.3 Settlement&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>as the governing parameter in settlement of sandy deposits is elastic settlement Bowles, Janbu as well as Mayne and Poulos methods were used to evaluate settlement for service loads. the results were confirmed using software modeling. Also, there are methods in the literature using direct CPT data for settlement calculation that were consistent with Evertek&#8217;s. Furthermore, post liquefaction settlement was of great significance and The National Building Code of Canada (NBC)&nbsp; 2020 method was used.<\/p>\n<p><strong>3.4 Bearing Capacity<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Bearing capacity is one of the most crucial parameters geotechnical investigation must provide. there are many methods in the literature for estimation of bearing capacity like: Vesic, Terzaghi, Hansen and Meyerhof. also, having had access to CPT logs, engineers could verify their results and come up with the most dependable number both for SLS and ULS.<\/p>\n<p><br><\/p>\n<p>refs:<\/p>\n<p>[1]&nbsp;<span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); letter-spacing: 0px; background-color: var( --e-global-color-c696dce );\">National Building Code of Canada (NBC)&nbsp; 2020<\/span><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); letter-spacing: 0px; background-color: var( --e-global-color-c696dce );\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); letter-spacing: 0px; background-color: var( --e-global-color-c696dce );\">[2] Canadian Foundation Engineering Manual (CFEM)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); letter-spacing: 0px; background-color: var( --e-global-color-c696dce );\">[3] www.wikipedia.com<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); letter-spacing: 0px; background-color: var( --e-global-color-c696dce );\">[4]&nbsp;<\/span><span style=\"background-color: var( --e-global-color-c696dce );\">https:\/\/geotechsimulation.com\/2018\/02\/12\/subgrade-reaction-modulus-of-footings\/&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-762aab3\" data-id=\"762aab3\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f780773 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f780773\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><b>3.5 Seismic Analysis<\/b><\/p><p>Soil liquefaction describes a phenomenon whereby a saturated or partially saturated soil substantially loses strength and stiffness in response to an applied stress, usually earthquake shaking or other sudden change in stress condition, causing it to behave like a liquid.<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p>Evertek&#8217;s investigations showed that Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA) for this site is 0.508g for a probability of occurence of 2% in 50 years (0.000404 per annum) and it would trigger liquefaction. thus, liquefaction hazard was evaluated by different analytical methods and was reported to the client.\u00a0<\/p><p><b>4. conclusion<\/b><\/p><p>fill material could be prone to liquefaction hazard, unless it is properly compacted or stone columns or wick drains are used to dissipate excess pore water pressure during an earthquake. Hence, in such sites geotechnical investigation is imperative. with a deep familiarity with subgrade materials, structural engineers would be able to design structural parts more economically. Choosing the best in-situ test, and conducting a precise modeling can only be done by relying on years of experience.\u00a0<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e53fcd8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e53fcd8\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ccbc585\" data-id=\"ccbc585\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7e1d932 elementor--h-position-center elementor--v-position-middle elementor-arrows-position-inside elementor-pagination-position-inside elementor-widget elementor-widget-slides\" data-id=\"7e1d932\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;autoplay_speed&quot;:50000,&quot;navigation&quot;:&quot;both&quot;,&quot;autoplay&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;pause_on_hover&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;pause_on_interaction&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;infinite&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;transition&quot;:&quot;slide&quot;,&quot;transition_speed&quot;:500}\" data-widget_type=\"slides.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-swiper\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-slides-wrapper elementor-main-swiper swiper-container\" dir=\"ltr\" data-animation=\"fadeInUp\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-wrapper elementor-slides\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-repeater-item-353a309 swiper-slide\"><div class=\"swiper-slide-bg elementor-ken-burns elementor-ken-burns--in\" role=\"img\"><\/div><div class=\"swiper-slide-inner\" ><div class=\"swiper-slide-contents\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"elementor-repeater-item-cb97350 swiper-slide\"><div class=\"swiper-slide-bg elementor-ken-burns elementor-ken-burns--in\" role=\"img\"><\/div><div class=\"swiper-slide-inner\" ><div class=\"swiper-slide-contents\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-pagination\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-swiper-button elementor-swiper-button-prev\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"eicon-chevron-left\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-screen-only\">Previous slide<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-swiper-button elementor-swiper-button-next\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"eicon-chevron-right\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-screen-only\">Next slide<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Port Vancouver 1. introduction located at Vancouver harbor near the coastline, this project needed\u00a0 2. In-situ test based on the scope of work and level of precision needed, different in-situ tests are available to assess the subgrade soil. CPT, DCPT, SPT, PLT are some cases in point. due to significance of the project Evertek professional &hellip; <\/p>\n<p class=\"link-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/evertekconsultants.com\/punjabi\/port-of-vancouver\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;Port of Vavcouver&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":2046,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"elementor_header_footer","format":"standard","meta":{"nf_dc_page":"","om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2038","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/evertekconsultants.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/20221209_095916-scaled.jpg?fit=1920%2C2560&ssl=1","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pbGg8K-wS","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/evertekconsultants.com\/punjabi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2038","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/evertekconsultants.com\/punjabi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/evertekconsultants.com\/punjabi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/evertekconsultants.com\/punjabi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/evertekconsultants.com\/punjabi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2038"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/evertekconsultants.com\/punjabi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2038\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2365,"href":"https:\/\/evertekconsultants.com\/punjabi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2038\/revisions\/2365"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/evertekconsultants.com\/punjabi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2046"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/evertekconsultants.com\/punjabi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2038"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/evertekconsultants.com\/punjabi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2038"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/evertekconsultants.com\/punjabi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2038"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}